1. American rooj tog
American rooj tog yog ntau complex. Txhua lub rooj tog ua los ntawm 1608 thiab 1830 yog cais raws li Asmeskas thaum ntxov los yog colonial style. Lub sijhawm ntawd, cov rooj tog khoom siv tau zoo thiab siv tau nrog cov cuab yeej siv tes tuav, noj, zaum, thiab pw tsaug zog. Cov rooj tog sib txuas feem ntau yog siv cov ntsia hlau tsis siv cov ntsia hlau hlau; ob txhais ceg ntawm rooj tog feem ntau yog ua los ntawm kev txiav. Tom qab ntawd, colonists los ntawm ntau lub teb chaws nyob sab Europe coj cov rooj tog zoo tshaj plaws nrog lawv. Kev cuam tshuam los ntawm cov neeg tsim qauv los ntawm Fabkis, Tebchaws Askiv, thiab lwm lub tebchaws, cov rooj tog zaum hauv lub tebchaws tau maj mam ua ntau dua, thiab cov rooj tog loj loj tau maj mam hloov los ntawm cov qauv sib dua thiab siv tau ntau dua. American rooj tog yog ntau complex. Txhua lub rooj tog ua los ntawm 1608 thiab 1830 yog cais raws li Asmeskas thaum ntxov los yog colonial style. Lub sijhawm ntawd, cov rooj tog khoom siv tau zoo thiab siv tau nrog cov cuab yeej siv tes tuav, noj, zaum, thiab pw tsaug zog. Cov rooj tog sib txuas feem ntau yog siv cov ntsia hlau tsis siv cov ntsia hlau hlau; ob txhais ceg ntawm rooj tog feem ntau yog ua los ntawm kev txiav.
Cov rooj tog hauv Asmeskas thaum ntxov yog ua los ntawm maple, birch, thiab ob peb ntoo ntoo. Nrov painting txoj kev yog tsaus xim av los yog lub teeb zib mu maple. Cov ntoo feem ntau siv hauv Asmeskas cov rooj tog zaum yog mahogany, thiab cov xim feem ntau yog xim liab lossis xim av.
Cov rooj tog zaum hauv Asmeskas thaum ntxov tau pom qhov ntxhib, tsis muaj kev ntxhib los mos hauv cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov suab nrov, thiab kev sib xyaw ua ke pub dawb rau hauv ntau yam kev xav tau kuj yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm American rooj tog. Muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm kev ua yeeb yam Mexican tsoos, aboriginal totems tau sib xyaw nrog ntau yam straw-woven fabrics thiab cov cav hnyav. Cov xim ua rau Asmeskas cov rooj tog nyiam heev ntawm cov neeg Suav, thiab kev siv cov ntaub npuag ua rau Asmeskas cov chaw sib txawv. Feem ntau ntawm cov woven fabrics yog cov qub tshaj li qub. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov xim, lawv tuaj yeem ua cus ciav thiab ci los yog sov thiab elegant, thiab lawv tuaj yeem yog American-style. Kev ua tau zoo.
2. Fabkis rooj tog
Fabkis tau yog qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm European kev sib pauv kev coj noj coj ua txij li Renaissance thiab Fabkis Bourbon dynasty muaj qhov xwm txheej ruaj khov thiab muaj zog hauv lub tebchaws. Los ntawm Louis XIV mus rau Louis XVI, Fabkis cov rooj tog tau ua tus thawj coj hauv European thiab Asmeskas cov rooj tog, thiab nws qib kev vam meej thiab khoom kim heev yog qhov tsis sib xws. Zoo tshaj, thiab tseem hlub los ntawm cov neeg niaj hnub no.
Fabkis rooj tog muaj nplua nuj aristocratic palace xim thiab yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv artistic tsw. Hais txog tes carving thiab elegant retro style. Piv txwv li: Fabkis cov rooj tog qub txeeg qub tes yog ua los ntawm mahogany ua cov khoom tseem ceeb thiab yog xuas tes ua tiav thiab zoo nkauj heev. Cov xim thiab luster feem ntau yog ua los ntawm walnut thiab cav, khaws cov duab zoo nkauj thiab cov kab ilv, muab cov rooj tog zaum ntau dua qub. Cov rooj tog hauv Fab Kis yog hom rooj tog uas muaj ntau tshaj plaws nrog cov kab zoo nkauj thiab yog muab los ntawm Fabkis thiab Europe.
Thaum lub sij hawm imperial, Fabkis lub teb chaws lub hwj chim poob qis, thiab tib neeg kev zoo nkauj kuj hloov los ntawm qhov zoo nkauj thiab zoo nkauj Rococo style ntawm Louis XV mus rau lub ntsiab lus ntawm Renaissance, thiab cov rooj tog zaum no kuj hloov.
Lwm tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov rooj tog hauv Fab Kis yog tias muaj me me dub khawb ntawm cov khoom siv hu ua antique xim. Cov khawb no tshwj xeeb tsim los xyaum cov rooj tog qub qub. Txhawm rau kho lub tsev nrog Fabkis qhov tsw, koj yuav tsum xub ua tus tswv ntawm cov xim sib xws vim tias Fabkis cov tsev paub txog lawv cov xim dawb, yooj yim, thiab txawm tias rustic xim. Cov neeg Fabkis, uas nyiam kev huv, nyiam cov xim ci hauv cov xim ntawm lawv cov rooj tog, ntawm cov xim beige, daj, dawb, thiab cov xim ntoo yog qhov ntau tshaj.
3. Italian rooj tog
Ltalis yog qhov chaw yug ntawm Renaissance lub zog thiab lub qhov cub rau kev tsim cov rooj tog Renaissance. Thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 15th, Italian rooj tog kos duab tau nqus cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua qauv qub. Ltalis kuj yog qhov chaw yug ntawm Baroque style, thiab Baroque hniav qauv nws keeb kwm tau dav siv nyob rau hauv lub palace. Cov rooj tog yog engraved nrog mythological liab qab mlom, tsov ntxhuav, eagles, scrollwork, clam-shaped, thiab lwm yam kev qauv, thiab yog decorated nrog gorgeous xim thiab gilding.
Qhov no Roman-centered palace Baroque style mus txog nws lub ncov nyob rau hauv 1750s. Nyob rau hauv lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua puas xyoo, Italian Baroque rooj tog nyob rau hauv lub sab qaum teb cheeb tsam. Cov rooj tog zaum feem ntau yog ua los ntawm kev txawj ntse thiab kev txawj ntse thiab cov qauv zoo, uas qhia cov yam ntxwv muaj zog heev.
Italian-style rooj tog ua raws li cov rooj tog ornate ntawm lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv Rome thiab lwm lub nroog loj, simplifying nws tsim thiab tshem tawm ib co decorations. Ib qho ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm Italian-style rooj tog yog siv cov kab ncaj. Feem ntau siv ntoo yog cherry ntoo los yog walnut thiab feem ntau pleev xim rau lub teeb xim av.
Niaj hnub nimno Italian rooj tog nyiam splendid European style hlau tooj liab series rooj tog thiab tsev kho kom zoo nkauj, xws li ntshiab tooj liab txaj, tooj liab rooj tog, thiab lwm yam.
Italian rooj tog feem ntau ua rau tib neeg muaj kev xav ntau yam, nrog cov khoom sib txawv thiab kev ua siab loj rau kev tsim kho tshiab, uas tuaj yeem ua rau tib neeg muaj kev zoo siab; Yog li thaum koj ntsib Italian classical rooj tog nyob rau hauv lub Baroque style thiab tseem immersed nyob rau hauv cov khoom kim heev, Yog hais tias koj tig ib ncig, koj yuav ntsib kiag li txawv kiag li, yooj yim thiab stylish Italian niaj hnub rooj tog.
Tsis ntev los no, rattan txaj tau nrov nyob rau hauv ltalis, lawv yog ergonomic thiab rational. Ua ke nrog cov kev xav tau zoo tshaj plaws rau cov rooj tog hauv Milan, qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm cov qauv tsim, Italian rooj tog tau nthuav tawm raws li cov khoom lag luam siab hauv ntau lub teb chaws thoob ntiaj teb.
Italian rooj tog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev zoo stitching thiab tawv khoom yog pom tseeb tshaj plaws ntawm ib nrais muag. Ib puag ncig zoo nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no kuj muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov style ntawm Italian rooj tog. Yav dhau los, lub zog hlau zoo li ua rau tib neeg xav tias muaj kev xav ntau dhau thiab txias. Thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua, peb yuav rov qab mus rau qhov xwm txheej thiab tsim cov rooj tog zaum nrog lub siab sov so.
4. British rooj tog
Cov rooj tog zaum British-style thaum ntxov yog zoo nkauj, elegant, thiab sib haum xeeb; nws nyiam siv mahogany nrog cov hniav zoo nkauj thiab carvings.
Cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub teb chaws Ottoman British yeej ib txwm heev "gentlemen". Qhov nrov tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv teb chaws Aas Kiv yog "Txhua tus neeg lub rooj tog yog ib tug goose!", uas txhais tau hais tias lwm tus neeg cov khoom yog ruam. Vim li no, cov rooj tog hauv British muaj cov koob zoo dua. Cov kev hloov pauv tsis tau loj thiab lawv kuj yog kev saib xyuas; Txawm li cas los xij, cov neeg Askiv tau ceeb toom thiab ntse heev thaum ntsib kev hloov pauv zoo. Piv txwv li, cov tso tsheb hlau luam thiab cov dav hlau thauj khoom tau tsim los ntawm British; tib yam mus rau rooj tog. Thaum lub sij hawm Georgian lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv teb chaws Aas Kiv, ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm rooj tog uas cuam tshuam lub ntiaj teb no tshwm sim. Trend masters, yog qhov zoo ntawm kev kawm thiab kev tsim kho tshiab thiab tau sau ib nplooj ntawv tseem ceeb hauv keeb kwm ntawm lub ntiaj teb rooj tog.
Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov rooj tog zoo nkauj hauv UK tau qeeb heev. Thaum cov rooj tog hauv Paris thiab lwm qhov chaw tau hloov ntawm High Renaissance mus rau Renaissance lig, qhov style no tau qhia rau UK thiab tau nrov. Nws tsis yog txog thaum Elizabethan era uas British rooj tog kos duab pib rau txoj kev tshiab. Cov rooj tog hauv British ua rau tib neeg muaj kev thaj yeeb thiab muaj kuab heev. Yog tias cov qauv ntoo ntxiv, nws yuav muaj qhov ntxim nyiam tshaj plaws. Cov rooj tog zaum hauv tebchaws Askiv feem ntau yog ntoo qhib, thiab thaum lub sijhawm Gothic rooj tog nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 15th, nws yog qhov tshwj xeeb thiab yooj yim. style; siv framed vaj huam sib luag kev tsim kho qhov rais pane decorations thiab folded linen kho kom zoo nkauj.
Nkag mus rau lub sijhawm Baroque, ob qho kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb tshwm sim. Ntawm qhov tod tes, qhov ntxhib Jacobin-style carved ntoo qhib rooj tog hauv lub teb chaws tau hloov los ntawm cov rooj tog ntoo yooj yim.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov vaj ntxwv vaj ntxwv thiab cov nom tswv tau cuam tshuam los ntawm Italian thiab Fabkis lub tsev hais plaub kho kom zoo nkauj thiab tau txais kev kho kom zoo nkauj heev. Thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th, Tebchaws Askiv tau tso tseg qhov kev sib txawv no thiab tsom mus rau kev txhim kho cov rooj tog hauv zos walnut. Cov tsos pom tau yooj yim thiab muaj kuab heev. Tsis tas li ntawd, vim hais tias cov neeg Askiv tau them nyiaj tshwj xeeb rau cov kev xav tau, tseem muaj kev vam meej hauv kev tsim thiab tsim cov rooj tog zaum.
5. Suav-style rooj tog yog nto moo rau nws carvings. Cov carvings tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov yam ntxwv los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas, palindrome, tag nrho cov ntsiab lus scroll, trapezoid, qaib taw, miv taw, thiab cov duab geometric. Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb yog ntoo muaj nuj nqis, thiab cov khoom dai yog carved lacquer, inlay, thiab stickers. Muaj ntau yam txuas; direct painting, pib kab, thiab inverted ripples yog feem ntau.
Nyob rau hauv keeb kwm ntev ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm Suav classical rooj tog, plaub qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws tsim qauv tau tsim.
1. Chu-style rooj tog (Zhou Dynasty mus rau yav qab teb thiab Northern Dynasty)
2. Song-style rooj tog (Sui thiab Tang Dynasty rau Yuan Dynasty thiab thaum ntxov Ming Dynasty)
3. Ming-style rooj tog lub sij hawm (mid-Ming Dynasty mus rau thaum ntxov Qing Dynasty)
4. Qing-style rooj tog lub sijhawm (tom qab nruab nrab Qing Dynasty)
Ming-style rooj tog muaj cov kab yooj yim thiab ncaj thiab lub teeb duab. Vim tias cov xim thiab kev ntxhib los mos ntawm ntoo nws tus kheej zoo nkauj, Ming-style rooj tog tsis tshua siv xim. Tsuas yog siv cov khoom siv pob tshab tuaj yeem pom qhov zoo nkauj thiab kev zoo nkauj ntawm cov ntoo nws tus kheej. Cov txheej txheem ntau lawm yog exquisite thiab tsim nyog, thiab tag nrho cov khoom yog ua ke nrog leej thiab ingenious mortise thiab tenon pob qij txha. Lub phaj loj loj yog embedded rau hauv thav duab zawj siv txoj kev ntug-txuag. Nws yog qhov ruaj khov thiab ruaj khov thiab tuaj yeem hloov kho rau qhov txias, kub, qhuav, thiab av noo.
Ming-style rooj tog yog tsuas yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog lub tiaj tiaj thiab yog ib feem ntawm cov khoom me me lacquer carvings lossis openwork carvings. Cov kab rooj tog muaj zog thiab du. Tag nrho qhov ntev, qhov dav, thiab qhov siab ntawm cov rooj tog zaum, qhov sib npaug ntawm tag nrho thiab qhov chaw, thiab cov khoom thiab qhov chaw yog txhua yam tsim nyog. Cov duab yog tuab thiab tuaj nyob rau hauv ntau hom.
6. Nordic rooj tog
Tib neeg kev paub txog lub neej thiab cov khoom siv rooj tog zoo tau muab cov rooj tog Nordic lub koob npe nrov ntawm cov neeg nyiam. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim lub tsev nrog cov xim sov yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov rooj tog Nordic. Yog li ntawd, beech, woven fabrics, mottled-toned ceramics, thiab Straw yog cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb, thiab Nordic rooj tog nthuav qhia ntau haiv neeg thiab ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg lub tswv yim.
Northern Europe suav nrog Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden, thiab lwm yam, nrog Scandinavia yog lub tebchaws loj. Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm Nordic rooj tog yog raws li nws cov organic zoo thiab lub teeb pom kev zoo ntawm ib sab tes, thiab ntawm qhov tod tes, nws yog rooted nyob rau hauv nws zoo nkauj kev ntxhib los mos thiab txawj ntau lawm txheej txheem. Nordic designers nkag siab tob tob tias "mature shape is the most perfect style." ", yog li cov duab organic uas yog puag ncig, ntuj tsim, thiab muaj kev xav paub daws teeb meem yog siv los ua lub hauv paus tseem ceeb rau kev tsim qauv rooj tog.
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Nordic designers ntseeg hais tias "ua kom zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom siv yog thawj kauj ruam hauv kev tsim qauv zoo meej." Yog li ntawd, lawv siv cov txuj ci ntse los ntes cov kev ntxhib los mos tshwj xeeb ntawm txhua yam khoom siv rooj tog xws li ntoo, rattan, textiles, thiab hlau. Nrhiav kev sib xyaw ua ke zoo tshaj plaws thiab kev ua tau zoo, thiab muab tib neeg lub ntuj tsim, nplua nuj, xis nyob, thiab tus phooj ywg pom thiab tactile zoo.
7. Cov rooj tog zaum sab qab teb Europe
Southern European-style rooj tog yog tsim nyob rau hauv ltalis, Spain, Greece, thiab Portugal. Txij li thaum lawv yog tag nrho cov haiv neeg Latin thiab sib koom ib puag ncig, cov rooj tog ntawm txhua lub teb chaws Europe yav qab teb muaj nws cov yam ntxwv.
Ua ntej Christian era, cov Egyptian style thaum ub yog lub ntsiab ntawm kev tshawb fawb, nrog cov duab ntxhib thiab cov qauv yooj yim. Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua, Roman rooj tog yog ib qho tseem ceeb feature. Cov style tau txais cov qauv zoo sib xws, siv cov khoom siv tooj liab, thiab feem ntau yog ua raws li cov duab ntawm cov khoom ntuj; Cov rooj tog medieval feem ntau yog ua los ntawm imitation ntawm Roman style thiab Byzantine style; Cov rooj tog zaum sab qab teb European feem ntau yog tsim hauv Ltalis, Spain, Greece, thiab Portugal. Txij li thaum lawv yog tag nrho cov haiv neeg Latin thiab sib koom ib puag ncig, cov rooj tog ntawm ntau lub teb chaws Europe yav qab teb muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo sib xws.
Lub npe hu ua Gothic style nkag mus rau hauv lub xyoo pua 14th, tseem ua raws li cov qauv yooj yim thiab nruj ntawm Nrab Hnub nyoog; Lub Renaissance style nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 15th tau muab los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yooj yim thaum ub, thiab qhov zoo nkauj Baroque style tau nkag mus rau xyoo pua 17th, siv cov ntaub ntawv nkhaus thiab tus ntsuj plig ntawm Romanticism raws li daim ntawv tsim.
Lub xyoo pua 18th yog qhov chaw yug ntawm Rococo style, nrog cov duab dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov nkhaus xws li pob zeb thiab clam shells. Thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th, lub neoclassical style tau nrov dua. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua puv 19, tsis muaj qee yam style lossis hom tshwj xeeb. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 20th, cov rooj tog niaj hnub tau zoo li. Siv cov streamlines yooj yim raws li lub ntsiab lus thiab hais txog kev ua haujlwm zoo.
Tsim nyob rau hauv ltalis thiab Western Europe nruab nrab ntawm lub Romanesque thiab Gothic lub sij hawm, imitation Romanesque rooj tog yog tsuas yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog tsiaj taub hau thiab claws, thiab nws lub ntsiab feature yog simplicity. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov rooj tog Spanish thiab Portuguese yog siv tawv kho nrog embossing, carving, dyeing, kub stamping, thiab lwm yam li rooj tog upholstery.
Cov rooj tog zaum sab qab teb Europe yog cov rooj tog tseem ceeb hauv cov rooj tog zaum sab hnub poob, thiab cov lus qhia kev txhim kho tau pom tseeb heev. Yeej, kev cai dab qhuas thiab palace rooj tog yog lub ntsiab, thiab ces maj mam nkag mus rau lub countryside; Los ntawm thawj zaug Egyptian rooj tog mus rau tom qab Rococo rooj tog, lawv tag nrho yog nyob rau hauv lub palace. Rooj tog; los ntawm cov rooj tog Gothic mus rau tom qab Barot rooj tog, lawv txhua tus pib los ntawm pawg ntseeg.
8. Cov rooj tog zaum sab hnub tuaj Asia
Hais lus nruj me ntsis, cov rooj tog zaum Esxias sab hnub tuaj, lossis cov rooj tog zaum sab hnub tuaj Asia, tsis yog cov rooj tog zaum tseem ceeb. Nws, zoo li Korean rooj tog thiab Japanese rooj tog, yog cov khoom siv rooj tog tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm cov kab lis kev cai hauv zos thiab txawv teb chaws.
Cov rooj tog zaum sab hnub tuaj Asia maj mam sib txuas nrog cov tswv yim niaj hnub niaj hnub no thiab cov neeg Esxias kev coj noj coj ua. Los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv thiab cov xim sib xyaw ua ke, cov qauv tsim rooj tog neeg Esxias sab hnub tuaj khaws nws cov yam ntxwv thiab ua kom muaj xim ntau dua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev koom ua ke ntawm Suav cov yam ntxwv. Cov rooj tog zaum sab hnub tuaj Asia, nrog cov qauv tsim uas them nyiaj rau kev nthuav dav kho kom zoo nkauj, tau dhau los ua neeg nyiam.
Cov rooj tog zaum sab hnub tuaj Asia yuav tsum tau hu ua lub tsev style ntau dua, uas yog nyob rau hauv kab lis kev cai huab cua tsim los ntawm "sib xyaw thiab sib tw" ntawm cov rooj tog zaum, tsev textiles, thiab tsev kho kom zoo nkauj. Nws qhov pom tseeb tshaj plaws yog qhov sib xyaw thiab sib tw, uas yog me ntsis zoo li "braised tais" ntawm Central kuv lub teb chaws. , "ib lub lauj kaub ua noj" tsw ntawm Northeast, txhua yam ntawm cov mos mos, tawv, ntoo, pob zeb, rattan, thiab textile cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke, tsuas yog rau kev nplij siab thiab kev nplij siab; vim qhov no, cov tsev nyob rau sab hnub tuaj Asia style tshwj xeeb yog nrov. Favored los ntawm ceev-paced urbanites.
Cov rooj tog zaum sab hnub tuaj Asia maj mam sib txuas nrog cov tswv yim niaj hnub niaj hnub no thiab cov neeg Esxias kev coj noj coj ua. Los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv thiab cov xim sib xyaw ua ke, cov qauv tsim rooj tog neeg Esxias sab hnub tuaj khaws nws cov yam ntxwv thiab ua kom muaj xim ntau dua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev koom ua ke ntawm Suav cov yam ntxwv. Cov rooj tog zaum sab hnub tuaj Asia, nrog cov qauv tsim uas them nyiaj rau kev nthuav dav kho kom zoo nkauj, tau dhau los ua neeg nyiam. Kev siv cov khoom siv hauv cov rooj tog zaum sab hnub tuaj Asia kuj muaj nws qhov tshwj xeeb. Cov rooj tog zaum sab hnub tuaj Asia feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm ob lossis ntau yam khoom sib txawv. Rattan thiab ntoo chips, rattan thiab xyoob strips, qhov dav, nqaim, qhov tob, thiab qhov ntiav ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tsim kev sib txawv. Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ntau yam txheej txheem weaving hloov cov rooj tog zaum rau hauv cov khoom xuas tes ua ntawm kos duab, txhua yam tsim nyog xav txog.
